Spanish Grammar A-Z

I.             Power Point Slides : Level 1

Level 1
Nouns and articles	• gender of nouns ending in -o, -a • number of nouns (making nouns plural) • diminutive ending -ito • possession of nouns (use of de + noun to express 's) • definite articles (el, la, los, las) • use of definite article with a title • use of definite article with days of the week to express "on" • contractions with "al" and "del" • indefinite articles (un, una, unos, unas)
Adjectives	• agreement of adjectives: gender and number • position • short form possessive • ordinal numbers 1st - 10th matching ordinal numbers writing ordinal numbers • cardinal numbers 1 - 100 writing numbers 1 -10 writing numbers 11 - 20 writing numbers 1 - 20 writing numbers 1 - 30 writing numbers 10 - 100 writing numbers 1 - 100 • review of all Level 1 adjectives
Verbs	• subject-verb agreement • present tense regular -ar verbs regular -er verbs regular -ir verbs • all regular verbs in the present tense stem-changing verbs (e-ie) stem-changing verbs (o-ue) stem-changing verbs (e-i) • all stem-changing verbs in the present tense irregular verbs in the 1st person singular (yo form) irregular verbs in the present tense • all irregular verbs in the present tense all verbs in the present tense (combines all of the above) • negation • ser vs. estar • idiomatic uses of tener = to be (calor, hambre, años) • helping verbs: tener que, poder, querer • hacer used in weather expressions • present progressive • expressing the future with "ir + a + infinitive"
Adverbs	• basic adverbs adverbs of affirmation (sí, cómo no, por supuesto) adverbs of negation (no, nada) adverbs of time (tarde, siempre, ahora, hoy) adverbs of place (aquí, allí)
Pronouns	• subject pronouns • direct object pronouns • indirect object pronouns (used with gustar)
Prepositions	• simple prepositions (de, a, en, con, para, sin, según, entre) • personal a
Conjunctions	• simple conjunctions (y, o)
Interjections	• simple interjections (¡Ay!, ¡Oye!)
Other	• question words • word order of questions

Power Point slides level 2

Level 2
Everything from Level 1 plus:
Nouns and articles part  1 part 2	• gender and number of nouns ending in -dad, -ción, -ma, -pa irregular genders of Level 2 nouns • use of the definite article with parts of the body • use of ningún, algún, and their forms • omission of articles
Adjectives part 1 part 2	• comparative and superlative (including mejor, peor, mayor, menor) • the suffix -ísimo • ordinal numbers above 10th • cardinal numbers above 100 writing numbers 1 - 1.000 writing numbers 100 - 1.000 (hundreds only) special forms and uses of ordinal and cardinal numbers • demonstrative • possessive (long forms) • adjectives of quantity
Verbs part 1	• present mastery of basic irregular verbs mastery of stem-changing verbs • preterit regular -ar verbs in the preterit regular -er and -ir verbs in the preterit • all regular verbs in the preterit stem-changing verbs in the preterit (e-i and o-u) stem-changing verbs in the preterit (i-y) verbs in the preterit ending in -car, -gar and -zar irregular verbs in the preterit • all verbs in the preterit • imperfect regular -ar verbs in the imperfect regular -er/-ir verbs in the imperfect irregular verbs in the imperfect • all verbs in the imperfect • preterit vs. imperfect (basic exercises) • future formation of regular and irregular verbs in the future • present perfect regular past participles past participles whose stem ends in a vowel irregular past participles all past participles (regular and irregular) regular past participles present perfect of regular verbs present perfect of irregular verbs • all verbs in the present perfect • commands command forms of regular verbs (all commands) command forms of irregular verbs (all commands) • helping verbs: acabar de, necesitar, deber, aprender a, tratar de • hacer to express duration of time • conocer vs. saber
Adverbs	• basic adverbs • the suffix -mente • negative words
Pronouns	• indirect object • interrogative • demonstrative • reflexive • prepositional
Prepositions	• simple prepositions (sin, contra, desde, durante, entre, menos) • compound prepositons (antes de, cerca de, debajo de, etc…)
Conjunctions	• use of e instead of y • use of u instead of o • pero vs. sino

Grammar Practice Exercises - Level 3

Everything from Level 1 and Level 2 plus: Nouns and articles • nouns with irregular genders irregular genders of Level 3 nouns Adjectives • short forms of adjectives • adjectives used as nouns • past participle used as an adjective Verbs • present mastery of irregular verbs in the present • preterit mastery of irregular verbs in the preterit • imperfect vs. preterit • conditional formation of regular and irregular verbs in the conditional • past perfect regular past participles past participles whose stem ends in a vowel irregular past participles all past participles (regular and irregular) past perfect of regular verbs past perfect of irregular verbs • all verbs in the past perfect • present subjunctive (formation) regular verbs in the present subjunctive stem-changing verbs in the present subjunctive spelling-changing verbs in the present subjunctive irregular verbs in the present subjunctive • all verbs in the present subjunctive • present subjunctive (uses) use of the present subjunctive with impersonal expressions use of the present subjunctive in noun clauses expressions which are followed by the subjunctive use of subjunctive after quizás, tal vez, ojalá • use of the infinitive after prepositions • indirect commands Adverbs • formation of adverbial phrases • comparison Pronouns • indirect and direct object pronouns used together • possessive • impersonal se Prepositions • para vs. por

Grammar Practice Exercises - Level 4

Everything from Level 1 , Level 2 , and Level 3 plus: Nouns and articles • nouns whose meaning is determined by gender • other parts of speech used as nouns (lo importante, el hablar) Adjectives • changes of adjective position which influence meaning Verbs • review of translations of basic verbs tenses • uses of the subjunctive present subjunctive used in adjective clauses present subjunctive used in adverb clauses • imperfect subjunctive formation of the imperfect subjunctive (-ra forms) • if clauses identifying future vs. conditional in result clause writing future vs. conditional vs. conditional perfect in result clause mastery of if clauses • formation of the past participle (review) regular past participles past participles whose stem ends in a vowel irregular past participles all past participles (regular and irregular) • future perfect future perfect of regular verbs future perfect of irregular verbs • all verbs in the future perfect • conditional perfect conditional perfect of regular verbs conditional perfect of irregular verbs • all verbs in the conditional perfect • present perfect subjunctive present perfect subjunctive of regular verbs present perfect subjunctive of irregular verbs • all verbs in the present perfect subjunctive • past perfect subjunctive past perfect subjunctive of regular verbs past perfect subjunctive of irregular verbs • all verbs in the past perfect subjunctive • sequence of tenses • passive voice Pronouns • relative pronouns • reciprocal Conjunctions • advanced uses of conjunctions